Data tables

Medicine and wounds

Blood Wounds What causes which wound Treatments Drugs in your system Going down, sepsis and the cold Lasting injuries Blood types

Blood

You have about five liters of blood. Wounds drain it in milliliters a second; what happens as it falls is below.


Full	5,000 ml	A healthy adult.
Dazed	3,600 ml	Your vision blurs and you cannot sprint.
Downed	2,700 ml	You collapse and need help, or time, to get up.
Dead	1,800 ml	You have bled out.

Blood comes back at 0.7 ml a second while you are fed, watered and not bleeding: about 2,520 ml an hour.

A saline drip or a transfusion gives 500 ml at 1.4 ml a second.

Wounds

Every kind of wound, worst bleeders first. Each wound is minor, moderate or severe by how hard the hit was. A dirty wound must be disinfected or it becomes infected.

12 rows


Gunshot wound	2.16 ml/s	4.86 ml/s	8.78 ml/s	30	70	25%	Yes	55%	Entry wound. If there is no exit, the bullet is still in there.
Shrapnel	1.62 ml/s	3.78 ml/s	6.75 ml/s	25	62	60%	Yes	80%	Metal fragments. Dig them out before you close it.
Bite	1.22 ml/s	2.97 ml/s	5.4 ml/s	18	50	100%	Yes		Bleeds hard, always contaminated.
Laceration	0.94 ml/s	2.43 ml/s	4.59 ml/s	12	40	35%	Yes		A ragged cut. Close it or it keeps opening.
Puncture	0.81 ml/s	2.03 ml/s	4.05 ml/s	15	45	50%	Yes		Deep and narrow. Easy to underestimate.
Fracture	0 ml/s	0.41 ml/s	1.89 ml/s	30	72	10%	No		A broken bone. Splint it or it will not set.
Claw scratch	0.2 ml/s	0.54 ml/s	1.22 ml/s	5	18	85%	No		Shallow furrows from infected nails. Filthy.
Abrasion	0.07 ml/s	0.2 ml/s	0.47 ml/s	6	20	60%	No		Skin scraped off. Mostly a dirt problem.
Burn	0 ml/s	0.07 ml/s	0.27 ml/s	20	60	40%	No		Blistered or charred skin. Keep it covered and clean.
Concussion	0 ml/s	0 ml/s	0.14 ml/s	15	40	0%	No		Your head rang. Blurred vision until it passes.
Contusion	0 ml/s	0 ml/s	0 ml/s	8	26	0%	No		Bruising. Hurts, heals.
Frostbite	0 ml/s	0 ml/s	0 ml/s	8	40	0%	No		Frozen skin, white and waxy, then numb. Rewarm it slowly once you're out of the cold. Never rub it.

A hit that costs less than 8 health leaves a minor wound, less than 22 a moderate one, and anything more a severe one.

Ammunition changes a gunshot wound: hollow points and soft points bleed more and stay in more often, armor-piercing rounds less. See each caliber's page.

What causes which wound

The wounds each kind of damage leaves, and how often.

13 rows


A blade	Laceration 70%, Puncture 30%
A blunt weapon	Contusion 70%, Fracture 20%, Laceration 10%
A bullet	Gunshot wound 100%
A crossbow bolt	Puncture 80%, Laceration 20%
A fall	Contusion 42%, Fracture 33%, Abrasion 25%
A round your armor stopped	Contusion 92%, Fracture 8%
A vehicle crash or being run down	Contusion 38%, Laceration 23%, Fracture 23%, Concussion 15%
An explosion	Shrapnel 46%, Burn 23%, Fracture 15%, Concussion 15%
Buckshot	Gunshot wound 67%, Puncture 33%
Fire	Burn 100%
Fists and feet	Contusion 100%
Fragments off a bare steel plate	Laceration 60%, Puncture 30%, Shrapnel 10%
The infected	Claw scratch 70%, Bite 30%

A fall or a blunt hit to the head becomes a concussion 60% of the time.

Treatments

Everything you can do to a wound or a patient, the item it uses up, and the Medicine proficiency it needs. Hard procedures need 10 more when you do them on yourself.

20 rows


Adrenaline	Adrenaline Shot	2.5 s		Brings a downed survivor back to their feet. Races the heart.
Antibiotics	Antibiotics	2 s		Fights sepsis and wound infection.
Antiviral	Antiviral	2.5 s		Pushes the Bloom back hard. A medic's skill makes it go further.
Disinfect	Alcohol	3 s		Clean the wound. It burns.
Herbal poultice	Herbal Poultice	4 s		Stops light bleeding and fights infection.
Painkillers	Painkillers	1.5 s		Dulls pain for a few minutes.
Rag dressing	Cloth	3.5 s		Stops some bleeding. Unclean: the wound stays dirty.
Remove tourniquet		2 s		Take the tourniquet off.
Rewarm		15 s		Warm the frozen skin slowly, against your body or in warm water. Never rub it. Only once you're out of the cold: if it thaws and freezes again, you lose it.
Sterile dressing	Sterile Dressing	4 s		Stops most bleeding. Keeps the wound clean.
Tourniquet	Tourniquet	3 s		Stops all bleeding in the limb. Hurts, and the limb suffers if left on over 10 minutes.
Splint	Splint	7 s	5	Set and brace a fracture so it can heal.
Saline drip	Saline Bag	6 s	10	+500 ml of fluid over a minute. Any blood type.
Suture	Suture Kit	9 s	10	Close a clean wound so it stops reopening and starts to heal.
Draw blood	Empty Blood Bag	10 s	15	Take 450 ml from a healthy donor into a blood bag.	Someone else must do it
Morphine	Morphine	2.5 s	15	Kills almost all pain. Slows the heart. Too much stops it.
Blood transfusion	Blood Bag	8 s	20	+500 ml of real blood. The wrong type causes a reaction.
Field surgery kit	Field Surgery Kit	12 s	20	Bandages every wound and restores health.
Extract fragment	Surgical Tools	12 s	25	Dig out a lodged bullet or shrapnel.
Reset the bone	Surgical Tools	25 s	40	Open the limb, re-break a badly set bone and set it straight. It's a fresh break afterwards and needs a splint and time. Someone else has to do it.	Someone else must do it

Drugs in your system

How long each drug works, how much pain it takes away and what it does to your heart.


Morphine	8 min	90%	-18 bpm	3
Painkillers	4 min	45%	0 bpm
Adrenaline Shot	1.5 min	20%	45 bpm

Going down, sepsis and the cold

The clocks that matter when things go wrong.

10 rows


Bleeding out on the ground	You have 3 minutes while you are still bleeding. Each hit from the infected takes 4 seconds off.
Stabilized	Once the bleeding is stopped you can lie for up to 10 minutes.
Getting up alone	After 60 seconds stabilized, with at least 3,000 ml of blood, you can struggle to your feet at 35% health.
No second chance	A single head hit that costs 60 health, or a fall that costs 60, kills outright.
A dirty wound	Turns infected after 15 minutes if nobody cleans it, and the infection starts to spread after another 30 minutes.
An undressed wound	Has a 2% chance each minute of picking up dirt. Being filthy yourself makes it worse.
Sepsis	Each spreading wound adds 0.72% a minute. Fever starts at 25%, delirium at 60%, and 100% is fatal.
Antibiotics	One dose takes 45% off sepsis and cleans infected wounds. With nothing spreading it falls by 1.2% a minute on its own.
A tourniquet	Is safe for 10 minutes. After that the limb takes damage, and after 20 minutes the nerves do.
Frostbite	Bare hands or feet in a bitter wind chill freeze: frostnip at once, superficial frostbite after 7 minutes, deep after 12 minutes. Deep frostbite left frozen for 20 minutes costs you fingertips or toes for good.

Lasting injuries

Injuries that stay with you, even through a respawn.


Frostbite loss	0.06°	3%	Fingertips or toes lost to deep frostbite. It is permanent, but you adapt and the effect halves.
Badly set break	0.14°	7%	A broken bone that healed without a splint, or was splinted too late. You limp or your aim drifts until someone with a surgical kit resets the bone.
Nerve damage	0.08°	5%	A tourniquet left on too long. A weak grip or a dragging foot that comes back over several real days.

Blood types

Every survivor has a blood type. A transfusion of the wrong type causes a reaction; saline suits everyone.


O-	7%	O-
O+	37%	O-, O+
A-	6%	O-, A-
A+	30%	O-, O+, A-, A+
B-	2%	O-, B-
B+	10%	O-, O+, B-, B+
AB-	1%	O-, A-, B-, AB-
AB+	7%	O-, O+, A-, A+, B-, B+, AB-, AB+